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Lentinan as an immunotherapeutic for treating lung cancer: a review of 12 years clinical studies in China

  • Review – Clinical Oncology
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Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Lentinan is a polysaccharide extracted from Shiitake mushrooms that have been used to improve general health for thousands of years in Asia. Lentinan injection is a clinically approved drug in several countries in Asia. The purpose of this study is to review the structure, preclinical and clinical studies, and molecular mechanisms of lentinan. Most importantly, the clinical effectiveness of lentinan as an adjuvant therapeutic drug in treating patients with lung cancer in China during the past 12 years is analyzed statistically.

Methods

We carried out literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2004 to 2016 based on CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), VIP (Chongqing VIP Chinese Scientific Journals Database) and Wanfang database, and 38 eligible RCTs of lentinan-associated lung cancer treatment were identified, containing 3,117 patients.

Results

The structure and function relationship and underlying molecular mechanism of lentinan as an immunostimulant has been summarized. The mean value of overall response rate in treating lung cancer was increased from 43.3% of chemotherapy alone to 56.9% of lentinan plus chemotherapy [p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.102–0.170]. Compared with chemotherapy alone, lentinan plus chemotherapy showed more efficacy in treating lung cancer (pooled RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.74–0.85) and no statistical heterogeneity was found among studies (I2 = 11%).

Conclusion

Clinical data presented in the past 12 years shows that lentinan is effective not only in improving quality of life, but also in promoting the efficacy of chemotherapy during lung cancer treatment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Alexander Lu of St. Louis University for language editing of the entire manuscript.

Funding

This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 91129706, 81672585); Key Technology Fund of Shandong Province (Grant 2016ZDJS07A07); the “Double First-Class” fund of Shandong Province; Taishan Scholar Fellowship (05052011) and Postdoctoral application research project in Qingdao, China (Grant 40518060042).

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Author notes

  1. Yiran Zhang and Meng Zhang contributed equally to this review.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Yiran Zhang, Meng Zhang, Yifei Jiang, Xiulian Li, Yanli He, Pengjiao Zeng, Yajing Chang, Heng Luo, Yong Liu, Cui Hao, Hua Wang, Guoqing Zhang & Lijuan Zhang

  2. School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Yifei Jiang, Xiulian Li, Yanli He, Zhihua Guo, Yajing Chang, Heng Luo & Yong Liu

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  1. Yiran Zhang
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Zhang, Y., Zhang, M., Jiang, Y. et al. Lentinan as an immunotherapeutic for treating lung cancer: a review of 12 years clinical studies in China. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 144, 2177–2186 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-018-2718-1

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